Masahiro KAWAI was born in 1947, he graduated from Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo and earned Ph.D. in Economics from Stanford University. He currently serves as Representative Director and Director-General of ERINA, Consultant of Bank of Japan, Specially Appointed Professor of Graduate School of Public Policy at University of Tokyo and Professor Emeritus of University of Tokyo. Masahiro KAWAI once served as Research Fellow of Brookings Institution, Assistant and Associate Professor of Economics Department of Johns Hopkins University, Associate and Full Professor of Institute of Social Science of University of Tokyo, Chief Economist of East Asia and the Pacific Region of World Bank, Deputy Vice Minister of Ministry of Finance of Japan, Director of The Policy Research Institute of Ministry of Finance of Japan, Special Advisor to the President, Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Dean, Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI).